Refractory and non-conducting material from gas-carbon for crucibles



UNITED STATEs PATENT OFF CE.

. FREDERICK H. SNYDER, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-THIRD 'IO GEORGE W. RICHARDSON AND MARTIN LUSCOMB, BOTH OF BOSTON, MASSAOHUSETTS.

REFRACTORY-AND NON-CONDUCTING MATERIAL FROM GAS-CARBON FOR CRUCIBLES,FURNACE-IININGS, GLASS-POTS, BES SEMER CONVERTERS, ARTIFlClAL-STONEPOLlSHING-WHEELS, dc.

SPECIFICATION forming part'of Letters Patent No. 357,105, dated February1, 1887,

Application filed October 22, 1553. Renewed May 15, 1885. Serial No.155,678. (No specimens),

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK H. SNYDER, a citizen of the United States,residing at J ersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of NewJersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refractoryand Non- Oonducting Material from Gas-Carbon for Crucibles, 'Furnace-Linings, Glass-Pots, Bessemer Converters, Artificial-Stone Polishing-Wheels, &c., of which the following isaspecification. w

My invention relates to the use of gas-carbon for refractory andnon-conducting purposes, or any similar purpose where it is der 5sirable to use a material possessing great heatresisting properties,such as furnace-linings, glass pots and molds, Bessemer crucibles,

' tuyeres, ingot-molds for steel and other metals,

and for artificial stone, millstones, emeryyvheels, wheels for polishingmetal, and the ike.

I have found by experiments made with the materialknown as gas-carbonand products therefrom that when properly prepared this 2 5 substancecan be utilized for many purposes where it becomes an object to resistthe action of heat, and there are a variety of ways in .which it may beprepared and used. For using it. to take the place of fire-brick or forlining 3o crucibles for the reduction of metals or production of steelby what is known as the Bes-' semer or similar processes, I prefer tofinely pulverize the carbon and afterward mold it into desired formsunder pressure by any of the well-known processes, and burn it or bakeit in an oven or kiln. It may, however, after being finely ground, bemixed with a cementing compound and used in a plastic state and appliedlike mortar, as the action of applied 40 heat, when properlycompounded,will cause it to hardenand admit of a smooth or polishedsurface to the part exposed. This is desirable where it is used forcoating the outer surface of generators or conductors of heat-such assteam-boilers, pipes, cylinders, hot-air furnaces, &c. 7

In my application for Letters Patent allowed the 15th of June, 1883,Serial No. 95,045,I have described a process of heating the materialfound in gas-retorts, and separating the same into different grades ofpurity and fineness. While I do not limit myself to the use ofgas-carbon treatedin the manner described in my application referred tofor the purposes described in this application, yet where it is ture ofretorts, crucibles, or similar purposes, I prefer to use for a cementingmaterial asphalt, rosin, or any material of similar nature containingvolatile hydrocarbon. From 7c two to three per cent. of the material maybe mixed with the carbon, using sufficient heat to melt and thoroughlyintermingle the cementing material with the carbon. It may then bemolded into the desired forms, after which it should be baked in asuitable oven or kiln until all volatilehydrocarbon used in thecompounding is drivenoff and the material has become hard and suitablefor the uses de scribed. When the compound is to be used So for coatingthe exterior of heated surfaces, a different character of cementingmaterial may be used, the nature of which should depend upon the degreeof heat that the compound is to be subjected to after application. Forcoating outer surfaces subjected to great interior heat-such asfurnaces,hot-blast pipes, &c.a cementing material of a nature similar tothat I have named may be used; but for coating boilers, steam-pipes,&c., where less 9 heat is attained and it is desired to make a coveringpossessing greater tenacity, hard rubher or similar material may beused. In this instance five or ten per cent. of the material may beused, according to the nature of the material and the strength of thecompound re quired.

For non-conducting purposes there are many substances that may beadvantageously used and mixed with the carbon. Among them are asbestus,mineral wool, tale, pumice-stone, clay, 8:0. These and analogoussubstances may be mixed in small quantities with the carbon withoutmaterially impairing its util* ity. For making artificial stone, forgrinding or polishing, finely pulverized emery may be mixed with thecarbon. For such purposes the proportions of emery to the carbon may begraded so as to produce a stone of any desired quality. If it is to beused for cutting or grinding,a larger proportion of emery may be usedthan if desired simply for polishing fine metals. For cementing thismixture any of the hydrocarbons may be used,and when thoroughlymixed'should be pressed into desired forms and baked, as beforedescribed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In the manufacture of crucibles and other articles requiring arefractory compound, the use of gas-carbon as an element either with orwithout cementing material, substantially as described. I

2. Asa new manufacture, crucibles and other vessels and articles, suchas herein described, composed of gas-carbon as an essential ingredient,substantially as set forth.

3. The combination of gascarbon with a suitable cement, so as to form aplastic mass capable of being molded into useful articles, as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in 35 GEORGE W. J OHNES, D. W.Buss.

